Introduction to Video Compression
Video compression calculations or “codec’s” control video signals to drastically diminish the capacity and data transmission required while expanding saw video quality. Understanding the operation of video codecs is fundamental for designers of implanted frameworks, processors, and instruments focusing on video applications. Because of the quick advancements in web innovation and PCs, the prominence of video streaming applications is quickly developing. Putting away and transmitting uncompressed crude video requires an expensive storage room and system data transfer capacity. Exceptional calculations which consider these qualities of the video can pack the video with high compression proportions.
Video compression models give various advantages, of which the chief is guaranteeing interoperability or correspondence amongst encoders and decoders made by multiple individuals or diverse organizations. Along these lines, principles bring down the danger for both buyer and maker, and this can prompt speedier acknowledgment and high use. What’s more, these models are intended for an extensive assortment of applications and the subsequent economies of scale lead to decreased cost and further far-reaching use.
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Image Compression
Video clasps are comprised of groupings of individual images, or “frames.” Therefore, video compression calculations offer numerous ideas and methods with still image compression calculations, for example, JPEG. Truth told, one approach to pack video is to disregard the similitudes between continuous video frames and pack every edge autonomously of different frames.
latest trends and developments in video compression for video have concentrated on adaptable video coding. The essential goals of an on-going exploration of versatile video coding are to accomplish high compression effectiveness high adaptability data transmission scalability and low multifaceted nature. Because of the clashing way of effectiveness, adaptability, and many-sided quality, each versatile video coding plan looks for tradeoffs on the three elements. Architects of video administrations need to pick a proper versatile video coding plan, which meets the objective effectiveness and adaptability at a reasonable expense and many-sided quality.
Introduction to Video Encoding
Video encoding, otherwise called video transcoding is fundamentally a procedure of changing over a given video contribution to a computerized group that is good with most sorts of Web players and cell phones.
Encoding Formats
Every one of the videos individuals watch through PCs, cell phones, tablets, and set-top boxes have experienced a video encoding procedure to change them from the first source group into an organization visible on the said gadgets. It because diverse programs, video players, and devices bolster or can play videos in various formats. The most crucial point to recall is that every video position accompanies its particular details. In any case, not all PCs, tablets, and Smart-telephones bolster the same video position which makes it fundamental for a video to be encoded into the required organization.
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Encoding Methods
There are numerous video encoding techniques out there, however, an essential thing to recall is to maintain a strategic distance from the whole video encoding process by catching your videos in the required organization. For instance, it looks terrible to capture a video in AVI then change it to MPEG. Get a decent catch card or recorder and recovery your video in high MPEG to keep away from the re-encoding step. At the point when encoding gets to be unavoidable, then begin from a fantastic source to a lower quality organization to abstain from encoding corruption. Preferably, start with high quality uncompressed or low-pressure formats as opposed to a second-rate YouTube or comparable online download. You can then alter and encode the video as indicated by your fancied DVD, YouTube gushing.
Introduction to Video Scaling (aka: Trans-sizing)
All screens, TVs, and other video presentations physically worked with a set number of pixels. Something like 640×480 and you need to show it on a screen that is a higher resolution like 1920×1080. The picture should be scaled to fit the showcase. The picture was taken from having 480 lines of pixels and making it have 1080 lines of pixels, and the quantifier of segments is balanced proportionately.
Scalers can be exceptionally useful on the off chance that you have a few video sources, and you need to run all of them through a solitary association on a showcase.
Additionally, they regularly utilized when your source signal resolution doesn’t coordinate a decision bolstered by your exhibition.
A scale-independent from anyone else does just this. It is not intended to enhance the photo nature of a lower resolution picture or improve it in some other way. At the point when many individuals discuss a scale, they are alluding to a gadget that will scale the resolution as we’ve recently talked about furthermore has a picture processor in it to attempt and tidy up the picture.
The primary thing to know about is whether you are beginning with a low-resolution picture you can never make it look as pleasant as a picture that began at a high resolution. You can’t make your standard TV channels come through as sharp and with as much detail as an HD channel.
On the off chance that you need to crush the best quality you can out of your standard definition sources you would need to utilize a decent video processor and scaler that can tidy up the picture before sending it to your TV.
Introduction to Lossless Video Compression
Compression is a technique used to make files smaller, without changing their basic characteristics. Compression allows the files to be downloaded at a faster rate, and also there is a reduced storage space required for these compressed files. An example of compression can be easily understood with a small comparison between raw formats (of a video) vs. the JPEG format. Though the original image might be as large as 10-20 MB, the compressed file in the form of a JPEG file might be available at the much smaller size.
Raw format is always a lossless format as it retains all the original characteristics and a JPEG format (as exampled as above) is a lossy format.
There is more software available for lossy and lossless compressions of images & audio and when it comes to video compression there is a lot more discussion on the adaptability of video compression.
Given below are comparative examples of lossy and lossless formats for different formats:
Images:
RAW, BMP, PNG are lossless formats whereas JPEG & GIF are lossy formats.
Audio:
WAV, FLAC & ALAC are lossless formats whereas MP3, MP4 & OGG are lossy formats.
Video:
FFV1, ProRes, Huffyuv are lossless formats whereas H.264, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-1, VC-1 & Dirac are lossless video formats.
While it is a good practice to convert from lossless formats to lossless formats, it is not advised to convert a) lossy format to another lossy format or b) lossy format to lossless format.
As such, great care has to be exercised before going for conversion – when to use and when not to use.
Real-Time Lossless Video Compression
Real-time video compression is a typical problem and needed a lot of research activity.
There were attempts to integrate digital video images. However, the problem was with the bandwidth speed.
For example, an image of 320×240 pixels playing on an RGB video screen at 30fps speed required storage and transmission of 6.9 Mbps and that was the limitation factor.
After a lot of research, many digital video compression algorithms could be developed and successfully implemented.
Now the marketer is having a lot of videos promoting his products, he might be interested in going for compression of his videos but the question is whether he is able to do so in real time. The answer is simple ‘yes’. For example, the JPEG still picture compression standard is simple standard to implement and is able to get 10:1 to 15:1 compression ratios.
Lossless Video Compression Software
Once there is an opportunity for the marketer to compress his videos, he is quite but naturally interested to know the brief list of software that is available in this regard.
Compression of the video is a tricky issue as discussed above and hence proper care has to be taken while downloading the video compression software.
The best converter can be decided based on factors such as supported OS, acceptable input source, available audio video parameter setting, supported output file format and its quality.
Usability & stability, video compression speed, help & support all play important roles in deciding which the best video compressor software is. One tool that comes handy is WinXHD Video converter deluxe.
Lossless Video Compression Trends
Coming to trends in video compression, we need to understand different formats for digital video. NTSC, PAL & HDTV. NTSC operating at 720×480 is further classified as SIF (352×240) & DVD (720×420 or 720×576).
Similarly, PAL operating at 720×576 is further classified as CIF (352X288) & QCIF (176×144). HDTV is operating at 1920×1080 or 1280×720 pixels. The future is UHDTV (ultra-high definition TV).
Videos built for this format has a maximum resolution of 7680×4320 i.e., 32million pixels (with a frequency up to 120 fps. One minute of noncompressed UHDTV would need nearly 195 GB of storage and this naturally requires compression as the sole solution.
The various techniques available for video compression include:
1) JPEG
2) Motion JPEG
3) JPEG 2000
4) Motion JPEG 2000
5) H.261/H.263
6) MPEG-1
7) MPEG-2
8) MPEG-3
9) MPEG-4
10) H.264
11) MPEG-7
12) MPEG-21
Each of the above trend/technology comes with its own advantages, advancements, as well as limitations and hence the marketer, has to ensure that proper video compression technique is adopted for the grand success of his video ad campaign.
Conclusion:
Each format of the file has different compression techniques to maintain the quality of the video under any circumstances.
